Infectious Diseases: HIV /AIDS

check to UNacquired immune deficiency syndrome. com new human immunodeficiency virus infections were reduced by 21% since 1997, and deaths from AIDS- connect illnesses decreased by 21% since 2005(Unaids. org, n. d. ). AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) was introductory discovered in the primordial 1980s. It was first found that among homo cozy men and drug users that sh bed out needles. AIDS is an immune deficiency ailment that is ca utilize by a virus cognize as human immunodeficiency virus (human immunodeficiency virus). It is transmitted by means of dirty body fluids much(prenominal) as blood, semen, vaginal secretions and breast milk ( ).The virus attacks the CD4 T lymphocytes killing them and while proceed to spread and kill others. This process cripples the immune administration making the body convincible to infections and illnesses that a healthy immune system would be able to cook. With a hurt immune system, the body is left open up to infections . Since the bodys reactions to an infection results in inflammation, human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS patients usually feature chronic inflammation that usually occurs in the lymph nodes and stomach.Patients that pay off Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) are able to receive some relief from inflammation nonwithstanding are not able to bear a manner inflammation completely (Thebodypro. com, 2010). When human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS was first discovered in the early 1980s there was no handling and no cure. Somevirtuoso that was diagnosed as HIV positive knew that when AIDS set in they were facing a painful death. As research has progressed finished the years treatments have been recognized that help to torpid down the genteelness of the virus.According to Epigee. org these are known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors. AZT (Azidothymidine), ddC (zalcitabine), ddl (dideoxyinosine), d4T (stavudine), and Abacavir, are just a few nucleoside RT inhibitors utilise t o treat HIV. Non-nucleoside RT inhibitors such as Delavridine (Rescriptor, Nevirapine (Viramune), and Efravirenz (Sutiva), are in like manner medications used to slow down the virus. protease inhibitors are used to interrupt the reproduction of the virus in the later stages.This sort of medications includes Ritonavir (Norvir), Saquinivir (Invirase), and Amprenivir (Agenerase) (2012). The fourth and final separate of medications currently lone(prenominal) has one drug approved for proof. This drug is known as Fuzeon and is a fusion inhibitor that stops the virus from entering the CD4 cells. This action keeps the virus from combination with the cell membranes, but should be used with another form of treatment (2012). presently there is no cure forthcoming to HIV/AIDS patients. The spread of HIV/AIDS has decreased drastically since the beginning.For the first 15-20 years it was considered an epidemic. By educating nation almost how the virus is contracted the number of large number diagnosed has been on a rapid pin since the early 2000s. The number of AIDS related deaths has also rapidly declined in this time. In this authors opinion the surmount way to control the spread of this deadly virus is by means of continuing education of how the disease is spread. inviolable sex is a must. People that are promiscuous are at a higher risk of becoming victims of HIV. put up Health Departments throughout the U. S. offer educating pamphlets, and in some instances classes that help to educate people on how to debar contracting and dispersal HIV. Abstinence is the only thing that offers nose candy% protection from sexually transmitted HIV. monogamousness is the second best way to avoid the spread of HIV. If you have never been septic with HIV and remain faithful to one partner, and your partner has never been infected and trunk faithful, there is no chance that you volition contract the virus through sexual inter trail.If you are sexually active with mo re than one partner, protected sex is the best way to improve your chances of remaining HIV negative. Condoms, though not 100% sure, are the best way to protect individual from cosmos infected with the virus through sexual intercourse. Traditional safetys are used on the penis and protect the participants from contaminated fluids. A new type of condom is currently on the market that is inserted straightway into the vagina or rectum. Spermicidal contraceptives protect against maternal quality but not HIV (Aids. org, 2012).endovenous drug users are also at risk of being infected with HIV. Of course the obvious way to keep from being infected is not to use ego administered, illegal, intravenous drugs. Making sure that mediocre hypodermic needles are used and not shared among other users is imperative for those than go by to use self administered, illegal, intravenous drugs. If only one hypodermic needle is accessible and you must share this needle with others, using bleach and water to clean some(prenominal) the needle and the syringe is the best way to guard against becoming infected with HIV/AIDS (Aids. org, 2012).